aTmAg said:
PWestAg18 said:
I was hesitant to watch because I have a nuclear engineering degree, have studied the event personally and in class, and figured I'd get angry at how incorrect everything was. I had nothing to do tonight and my coworkers had been adamant I watch so I figured why not.
After binge watching 4 episodes all I can say is wow. They got literally every aspect right. The reactor physics, the radiation effects, the timeline, the cleanup efforts, and the corruption of the Soviets. They literally got it all right. I can't wait for the last episode because it looks like the trial and events of that day are going to be shown via flashback. Obviously its' a topic I'm heavily interested in, but this is probably my favorite show ever.
So I got a question. At what point where they past the point of no return? For example, when the reactor was basically at zero, was there any way out of that? Could they have started it slowly for 24 hour and avert disaster?
Sorry I'm so late to the party here, busy at work, but here we go:
Fission is caused when Uranium-235 absorbs a neutron. The nucleus becomes so unstable it splits into two smaller atoms. What atoms it splits into is a random process, some have higher probabilities than others, but essentially it's possible for Uranium to fission into any two elements that are smaller in mass.
One of the higher probability isotopes that is created from fission is Iodine-135. Iodine-135 quickly decays into Xenon-135. Xenon-135 has a huge capability to absorb neutrons. Since neutrons are the cause of fission, this Xenon is absorbing neutrons that would otherwise be used to cause more fissions. If you run at a steady state power you eventually reach a saturation point of Xenon. For every Iodine atom that decays into Xenon, a Xenon atom absorbs a neutron and decays into something else.
When you run at a steady state power the control rods will very slowly raise out of the core to account for this Xenon increase. When you shut down a reactor you have to wait a certain period of time in order for the Xenon to naturally decay away before you can start up again. Xenon-135 has a half-life of 8 hours meaning it could take a couple days for it to decay out of the core. This phenomenon is know as "Poisoning" and was first observed at the Hanford Site Reactor during the Manhattan Project.
The Chernobyl crew was screwed the second they were told they had to remain at a high power during the day in order to meet the electric grid demand. The test should have been cancelled the second that was ordered. But they carried on. When they tried to lower power to begin the test, there was so much Xenon in the core from earlier that day it was almost impossible for the reactor to sustain the fission process. In order to maintain power they had to raise almost all of the control rods out of the core. At this point they had two options. Shut down or continue with the test. Had they shut down no crisis would have happened, and the reactor would've been impossible to start up for a day or two.
Basically they should've cancelled the test and waited for a different day whenever they were initially told to remain at a high power during the day. As someone who has dealt with nuclear operations everything they did as operators is terrifying and how they didn't understand those concepts is pretty horrible. Dyatlov might be the worst person of all time for forcing them to go through with it.
Hope that helped