Peter was the first Pope, although not really known as "Pope" back then.
Catholicism is the first and truest form of Christianity. Go and read the early church fathers and they all lead you to the Catholic Church. When you read the quotes, notice the dates. This is the first group of people being called Christians. The original meaning of "Catholic" is "universal", meaning the whole Christian Church.
http://www.staycatholic.com/early_church_fathers.htmAll other denominations broke away from the Church because they couldn't hang with it's teaching or because of reactions against corruption, or just wanting more political power in thier own little part of the world. The Orthodox faith was part of the Catholic Church until they split because of the aforementioned "political power". The Greeks resented that the power lay in Rome and not in the East. Some have since returned.
The Protestant Reformation was less a reformation than a revolt, whereas instead of reforming the true Church from within, they chose to abandon the whole thing at serious risk of losing thier salvation. I personally abhor how the Anglican/Episcopal church was foumded beacause it wasn't even founded on an interpretation a faith but because the king of England wanted to trade his wife in for a younger model who he eventually beheaded anyway in order to do the same thing again.
The Catholic Church has, at times, had it's problems. However, it has never waivered from it's teaching even in the face of tremendous pressure from outside forces.
Also good to remember...while the people in the Church are imperfect and screw up from time to time, the Church herself is perfect and spotless. Infallible because it was instituted by Jesus himself who passed it to Peter and so began a line of men who we call Pope today.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_popes I'm a convert from the Baptist denomination and I can honestly say it's the best decision I have ever made.
Catholicism is not a sect or denomination, it is Christianity in it's purest and truest state.
[This message has been edited by olarmyfight (edited 6/5/2013 4:03a).]