Amoxicillin tablet, for oral administration, provide amoxicillin trihydrate equivalent to 875 mg amoxicillin. Inactive Ingredients: TABLETS: Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate, Polyethylene Glycol, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Povidone, Pregelatinized Starch, Sodium Starch Glycolate, Soy Lecithin, Talc, Titanium Dioxide
Medicine with PEG
https://www.drugs.com/inactive/polyethylene-glycol-177.htmlPolyethylene glycol (PEG) is an inert amphiphilic polymer in contrast to ethylene glycol oxide, which is commonly known as a toxic compound used for synthesis of PEG. ... Therefore,
once ingested or parenterally administered PEG remains intact until it is eliminated via urine or feces.
PEG is also used as an anti-foaming agent in food and drinks
- Polyethylene glycol - BC, REG, GMP, In boiler water -173.310; AF, REG, GMP, Comp of defoaming agent -173.340; CTG, REG, GMP, Ctg on fresh citrus fruits -172.210
- Polyethylene glycol (mean molecular weight 200 -9,500) - MISC, REG, GMP, Ctg, binder, plasticizing agent, and/or lubricant in tabs used for food; Adjuvant in nonnutritive sweeteners, vitamin & mineral prepns; Ctg for sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic properties - 172.820; ZERO - In milk - 172.820, 526.820
- Polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate - EMUL, REG, < 10% by wt. of defoamer formulation - Processing beet sugar & yeast - 173.340
- Polyethylene glycol (400) mono- & di- oleate - Feed, REG, 250 ppm in molasses - Used as a processing aid in the production of animal feeds when present as a result if its addition to molasses - 573.800
It is used in toothpastes and…
PEG has uses in medicine as well, most commonly as a laxative. As a water-thirsty molecule PEG prevents the intestines from reabsorbing the water in stools, which keeps the stool soft and heavy and makes it easier to pass.
More recently biotech firms have used PEG to create antibodies that fight diseases. Antibodies are normally produced by certain white blood cells, but those cells don't grow well outside the body, making antibodies hard to mass-produce. Two scientists finally got around that limitation in the 1970s by, of all things, mixing PEG with cancer cells. Csar Milstein and Georges Köhler knew that cancer cells, however destructive inside the body, grow quite nicely in the lab. So they began looking for ways to fuse antibody-producing cells with cancer cells to take advantage of the good traits of both. After a failed attempt using viruses Milstein and Köhler succeeded in creating these "hybridomas" with PEG. The polymer seems to promote the fusion of cells by dehydrating and breaking down their membranes, forcing the cells into close contact and allowing them to glom together. Milstein and Köhler's work on antibody production won them a Nobel Prize in 1984 and helped spawn a multibillion-dollar industry that has produced treatments for Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, several types of cancer, and immune rejections in transplant surgery.
PEG's ability to fuse cells also explains why the polymer shows such promise in treating spinal-cord damage. Nerves outside the spinal cordwhich carry signals to your limbs and organscan regrow, albeit slowly, after they suffer damage. Nerve tissue inside the spinal cord doesn't regrow after damage, meaning that spinal-cord injuries usually cause permanent paralysis.
But PEG could get around that limitation. When applied to damaged spinal cells, it breaks down their membranes and allows the cells above and below the injury site to fuse together. As a result, signals from the brainwhich once fizzled out at the gapcan now cross the site of the injury and connect the brain and lower body once again.
So far PEG has proven effective in treating spinal-cord paralysis in a variety of mammals, including dogs. I personally witnessed the magic of PEG in mice while visiting a research lab in China. There I watched two graduate students surgically sever the spinal cords of several mice, which should have rendered their hind legs useless. (They cut the cords halfway down the back.) But before sewing up the mice, the students squirted in a few drops of PEG dissolved in water, a solution with a faintly amber color. Two days later these mice were walking again. Not perfectly: they still lurched somewhat. But compared with control micewho received no PEG, and who were dragging their dead back legs behind themthe PEG mice had made a near-miraculous recovery.
Right now PEG remains experimental. Success in lab animals doesn't guarantee success in human beings, and no one knows how well PEGwhich in the lab usually gets applied immediately after spinal damagewould work on long-standing injuries, which are often covered with scar tissue. (Surgeons could perhaps get around this by making fresh cuts that pare the scars back.) But PEG and other chemicals that fuse cells (collectively called fusogens) do show genuine promise. In the United States alone, 11,000 people suffer spinal-cord damage each year, with no prospects for improvement. After a century of such sterile endeavor, even a modest sprig of hope is worth celebrating.
