My dad has this light above his garage that lights up the driveway. Can't find the lightbulb locally as it has a larger base. Anyone what the lightbulb is called?

I am also considering upgrading to an led style that may be brighter and last longer if anyone has recommendations

Looks like a high pressure sodium. I have one on one of my barns by the house. It's a nice hue that comes on at sunset and takes a minute to get fully on. Has a nice tone to the hum it makes.

https://www.1000bulbs.com/product/6465/LU0150-67508.html?gclid=CjwKCAjws7WkBhBFEiwAIi168_bRxVDovY4L2tZtZke3_V3aqUWqPJbGfry-1dLZWilgcBTOIRN2axoCadYQAvD_BwE

Check Home Depot and lowes.

ETA: yours doesn't look like the picture so maybe it's not but I know mine have large screw on bases.

Agree w/Jason
Mogul base by your description
LED is the goal
PAR is heavier glass made for outdoors + more of a flood, as per fixture was designed

convert mogul to medium base
http://rb.gy/jz1o9
then have more choices here
https://www.1000bulbs.com/fil/categories/led-par-bulbs

As for me, Murphy's Law says
climb ladder to get old bulb
THEN go shopping after having specs. in hand