Water primrose as far as the floating vegetation around the perimeter of the pond. Seems pretty minimal and is typically of no concern.
For the bulk of what you have, it appears (as a previous poster stated) to be coontail that has filamentous algae using it as a substrate for growing.
It could also be chara (i.e. skunkweed), but hard to tell from the pics alone. Could also be both of them co-mingled with each other.
Coontail is a rootless vascular plant, while chara is a rooted algae, and each would potentially require a different herbicide for treatment.
If you can post a close up pic of the submerged vegetation that has the algae on it, or just see if vegetation in question has roots or not, would help in identifying.