To succeed on a First Amendment retaliation claim, a civil-rights plaintiff must demonstrate three things. First, the plaintiff engaged in protected conduct. This means that the plaintiff's speech or expression was the type traditionally covered under the First Amendment. Second, an adverse action was taken against the plaintiff that would deter "a person of ordinary firmness" from continuing to engage in that speech or conduct. Third, there is a cause-and-effect relationship between these two elements, i.e., the adverse action was motivated at least in part by the plaintiff's protected conduct.
Hole in one case for Disney.
Hole in one case for Disney.