In the cattle industry, the term EID (electronic id) has referred to RFID (radio frequency id) which is a chip that emits a radio frequency that can only be read by a RFID scanner. This RFID is applied through an ear tagging system. It offers only a unique identification number to that animal and does not emit anything that can be tracked through gps. The information on this unique id is not any different than the information that is on metal bangle ear tags that have been used for decades to identify cattle. The same RFID technology is used in other animals when they get "microchipped".
There was a government effort in the years preceding Covid to replace the metal bangle ear tags with newer RFID ear tags. This was to be implemented over several years and be permanently in place by 2023. The motive was to create a more efficient system of traceability in instances of disease outbreak to help keep our food supply safe. That time period has passed without any real movement to implement the program.
It seems that the government is trying to start up the disease traceability program again, but changing the language to have EID include tracking devices or other monitoring devices that the government has access to. We have a real problem here. I don't suspect most ranchers will take kindly to their cattle being tracked by the governement for nefarious motives.
One thing that needs to be kept in mind, the current RFID chips are small, size of a rice grain and have no tracking capabilities. Tracking devices are bulky and require a power source. Tracking is currently used by a few individuals in the cattle industry, but they are bulky neck collars that get damaged and lost and require a power source. The practicality and feasibility of implementing tracking devices in cattle is not there now, but as technology continues to evolve, it might be the size of rice grain one day.