What part of the state are you in?
What kind of fence is it? Privacy (6', 8')?
Is the desire just to provide something to break up the smooth fence? Or something more?
Do you have dogs? (If I recall correctly Oleander is highly toxic to animals)
Not sure how big the knockout roses will really get, but Oleanders will get huge under the right conditions (a hard freeze may kill em back though). They like to be round though, so that means that it will be as deep as it is wide (i.e. don't plant it right up against the fence). Also, if you decide to remove the oleanders after 10 years, i'd recommend a backhoe to remove the root ball.
Depending on your need, a good option may be Texas Vitex. Hardy as hell, low maintenance, good looking flowers. Can either be pruned to stay a bush or more tree-like.