Vernada,, most hospitals are prohibited from employing physicians under the corporate practice of medicine doctrine. There are a few exceptions for state owned hospitals and rural facilities, but that's the general rule that applies to most hospitals. Senate Bill 1264 that passed this most recent legislative session will address balance billing for out-of network emergency services and hospital-based physicians like radiologists, pathologists, anesthesiologists and neonatologists. Unfortunately, it only covers state regulated insurance plans, which is about 17% of the insurance market. The rest of the market is governed by ERISA, which is why the feds are now getting involved. Something will come out of Congress this year, what it is remains to be seen.